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Dr. Venkateswara Reddy Vennapusa is Professor and Head of the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Sri Venkateswara Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India. His research areas include Wireless Communication, IoT, Signal Processing, Smart Systems, and Intelligent Networks.
Railway transit is an essential element of contemporary infrastructure, necessitating ongoing surveillance to guarantee operating safety, dependability, and efficiency. Conventional railway track inspection techniques are frequently laborious, protracted, and incapable of delivering real-time condition evaluations. The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology for intelligent railway track monitoring by facilitating continuous data collecting, remote surveillance, predictive maintenance, and real-time defect identification. IoT-based monitoring systems employ intelligent sensors, wireless communication networks, cloud computing, edge analytics, and artificial intelligence to evaluate track conditions, identify anomalies, and avert mishaps. This chapter examines the architecture, technology, methodology, applications, difficulties, and future prospects of smart railway track monitoring systems utilising IoT sensors. It emphasises the role of intelligent monitoring technologies in augmenting railway safety, decreasing maintenance expenses, and enhancing transportation efficiency.