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Ms. Subhasheni A is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She is engaged in academic teaching and computer science education. Her contribution to this chapter addresses the application of multimodal artificial intelligence in healthcare systems.
The incorporation of multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is revolutionising real-time patient surveillance, clinical evaluation, and medical decision processes. Conventional healthcare monitoring systems predominantly rely on singular data sources, like physiological metrics, medical imaging, laboratory findings, or electronic health documentation. This chapter examines the principles, frameworks, techniques, and practical uses of multimodal AI in real-time healthcare surveillance and clinical decision-making assistance. The section additionally addresses issues of data diversity, absent modalities, interoperability, confidentiality and clinical verification. Advancements in foundation models, federated learning, edge AI, digital twins, and privacy-preserving multimodal learning are regarded as promising avenues for future healthcare systems.