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Ch. Kousalya Devi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of AI&DS at Sree Rama Engineering College, India. Her contribution focuses on IoT, artificial intelligence, automation, and smart monitoring applications.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has surfaced as a revolutionary technology for creating smart monitoring and automation systems capable of perceiving, communicating, analysing, and reacting to real-world conditions with limited human involvement. IoT-centric systems amalgamate sensors, actuators, embedded controllers, communication networks, cloud infrastructures, edge computing, and sophisticated analytics to establish interconnected settings that facilitate instantaneous decision-making. These systems are progressively utilised in intelligent residences, healthcare, agriculture, industrial sectors, transportation, energy oversight, environmental surveillance, and smart urban areas. This section delineates the framework, facilitating technologies, communication standards, data-processing methodologies, automation techniques, security factors, and real-world applications of IoT-driven smart monitoring and automation systems. It further examines the incorporation of artificial intelligence, machine learning, edge computing, and digital twins to enhance system intelligence, responsiveness, scalability, and dependability. Ultimately, forthcoming trends and prospective study avenues are delineated.