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Ms. R. Thilagavathi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Agricultural Engineering at Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Engineering (Autonomous), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Her contribution focuses on AI and IoT applications in precision agriculture and smart farming.
The rising worldwide appetite for food, coupled with obstacles like climate change, water scarcity, soil deterioration, labour deficits, and ineffective resource management, necessitates the development of smart and sustainable agricultural systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are becoming pivotal technologies for revolutionising traditional agriculture into data-centric precision farming. IoT devices provide the ongoing acquisition of instantaneous data concerning soil conditions, crop vitality, meteorological factors, irrigation, livestock, and farming apparatus. Artificial intelligence methodologies examine this data to facilitate forecasting, categorisation, enhancement, mechanisation, and astute decision-making. This section elucidates the principles, frameworks, and significant uses of AI and IoT in precision agriculture and intelligent farming. An integrated AI-IoT framework for precision agriculture is introduced, accompanied by techniques for performance assessment, implementation obstacles, and prospective research avenues. The section emphasises the use of AI and IoT in facilitating effective resource management, enhancing crop yield, minimising ecological consequences, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.